The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) promotes innovation and creativity for the economic, social and cultural development of all countries, through a balanced and effective international intellectual property system. The predecessor to WIPO was the United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property, which had been established in ۱۸۹۳ to administer the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. WIPO was formally created by the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization, which entered into force on ۲۶ April ۱۹۷۰. Under Article ۳ of this Convention, WIPO seeks to « promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world» . WIPO became a specialized agency of the UN in ۱۹۷۴. The Agreement between the United Nations and the World Intellectual Property Organization notes in Article ۱ that WIPO is responsible for ?promoting creative intellectual activity and for facilitating the transfer of technology related to industrial property to the developing countries in order to accelerate economic, social and cultural development, subject to the competence and responsibilities of the United Nations and its organs, particularly the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, as well as of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and of other agencies within the United Nations system?.